Because of these circumstances, FIVE G PATCH was not able to be fully tested. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork Barrier Trial Results Veterinary RecordsAfter the 900 Metres, UNIVERSAL CROWN was left racing wide and without cover and passing the 450 Metres and again on straightening raced tight outside NORDIC COMBINED. 61. Thoroughbred horse racing in South Ozone Park, Queens, NY. -based rider Luis Saez in Riyadh saw him seal the International Jockeys Challenge at King Abdulaziz Equestrian Field on Friday. Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. C. When being shifted out, GO BALLISTIC brushed JOLLY. Jockeys' Rides. 11. In a common variation of traditional rummy, only the winner scores points after each round. Come and witness thrilling battles for turf glory. Remark: Aerial Virtual Replay is provided by 3rd parties, for personal infotainment only. 00. Track. SO WE JOY and YES WE CAN brushed at the start. JOLLY FOREVER raced keenly in the early and middle stages and lost its right front plate passing the 1000 Metres. com. Horse racing in Australia first began when the First Fleet docked on Australian soil on January 26th, 1788, and brought with it one stallion, one colt and two fillies from Cape Town, South Africa. 6,9,12/2,5,10. Dividend Note: For Winning Combination, "F" denotes "Any Combination" while "M" denotes "Any Order". Before being allowed to race again, HK DRAGON will be subjected to an official veterinary examination. For each race at the Meeting, you get 6 points, 3 points go to the jockey of the winning horse, 2 for a second, and 1 for a third. MODEST GENTLEMAN was held up for clear running rounding the Home Turn. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys'. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides. The jockey with the most points at the end of the Meeting wins the challenge. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The Pacific Classic is the signature race of Del Mar Thoroughbred Club and one of the most important races of the summer in southern California. 00. Racing News & Resources Racing News News Archives. Jockeys Trainers. Aerial Virtual Replay is provided by 3rd parties, for personal infotainment only. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork Barrier Trial Results Veterinary Records Latest on Horses Health Record Horse Former Name & Pedigree Horse Import Criteria PP Pre-import Performance. Racing Incident Report Comments on Running. Racing Incident Report. Jockey Challenge. RAGING BLAZE and JACK WIN were sent for sampling. Get the latest Jockey Challenge betting and odds here at tab. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides. 12. 26/11/2023 Sha Tin. March 10, 2023. February 25, 2022 17:19. Show TAB Prop Number . Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. Jockeys will be riding for a $10,000 bonus at Caulfield’s Blue Diamond meeting on Saturday. 07:05. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. If your selected jockey. The LONGINES International Jockeys’ Championship determines the winning jockey through four pinnacle races, while the LONGINES Hong Kong International Races, sees fierce competition as top-tier horses contest four Group One races for international bragging rights. LLOYD Jaden. 5. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. 2. Age. Racing News & Resources. Follow golf live leaderboard on Flashscore. 00. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers. Racing Australia is the national industry body representing Thoroughbred racing in Australia. M Chadwick was suspended from riding in races for a period to commence on Sunday, 1 January 2023 and to expire on Thursday, 5 January 2023 on which day he may resume race riding (2 Hong Kong racedays). The Hong Kong Jockey Club would like to alert its customers and the public to a fraudulent SMS claiming that account permissions are restricted and requesting recipients to click on an attached link (hxxps://[. Race 2 The favourite looks hard to beat here ! Bowditch riding Incomparable he is by I Am Invincible out of a Commands mare ! Rough chance first starter Wokit. Trainers' Entries. Thursdays (for Saturday or Sunday meetings except special race meetings). 35 million G2 BOCHK Private Banking Jockey Club Sprint (1200m)and the HK$5. 2. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. Jockey. Racing Info (Local) Trainers' Entries. See the winners and results from every single 2022 Breeders' Cup race at Keeneland. Bet live and online with TAB, Australia’s number 1 racing and sports betting website. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. Report. Entries Race Card Current Odds. Racing News & Resources Racing News News. A Hamelin was advised to exercise more care. 1. YOU’REMYEVERYTHING shifted in at the start and bumped WINNER METHOD which became unbalanced. VISIT AQUEDUCT. Fixtures. ABOVE, TURIN MASCOT and TOTAL POWER were sent for. . Near the 1350 Metres, BUDDY SPIRIT lost ground when crowded for room between RUN RUN GOOD which was racing tight outside DIAMOND SOARS and DAZZLING FELLOW which got its head on the side and shifted in despite the efforts of its rider. Racing News & Resources Racing News News Archives. 1 3/4 (5 3/4) Hamdee (KSA) 5 YO - H. Considered the most prominent set of races outside of the Triple Crown, the Breeders' Cup draws thousands of horse racing fans every year, featuring 14 races spanning several different age ranges. HK DRAGON was withdrawn on 8. In the middle stages, CABLE SPEED was inclined to. The associated Horse Body Weight will be included in the Race Card on the same day at around 17:00. Jockeys Trainers. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds. Michael Appleby. Leaderboard; Competitions; Enter Tips; Results Australia. A veterinary inspection of ROYAL CAMPBELL immediately following the race did not show any significant findings. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork Barrier Trial Results Veterinary Records Latest on Horses Health Record Horse Former Name. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides. James McDonald. Passing the 600 Metres, THANKS FOREVER was shifted in away from the heels of BIG TIME BABY. 17. The Race Card is not available! The Race Card will be available around noon time on: Mondays (for Wednesday meetings except special race meetings) and. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. TAB Racing Results for greyhound, thoroughbred and harness racing. WILLIAMS Jai. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork Barrier Trial Results Veterinary Records Latest on Horses Health Record Horse Former Name. JOCKEY CHALLENGE 1: 1 [Z Purton] Details: TRAINER CHALLENGE 1: 2 [K W Lui] Details:In 2011, Morris registered 62 wins in the Flat Jockeys Championship, emerging to 17th place on the leaderboard, and became first jockey for Sir Mark Prescott the following year. Dai Walters: 'I remember being on the floor and the pilot trying to get my heart back going - they didn't know if I would pull through'. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. Results. Bet live and online with TAB, Australia’s number 1 racing and sports betting website. SOO FRESH then had some difficulty obtaining clear running passing the 150 Metres. 4. 2. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork Barrier Trial Results Veterinary Records Latest on Horses Health Record Horse Former Name. MODEST GENTLEMAN was held up for clear running rounding the Home Turn. Date (HK)Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. Racing Results. JOLLY FOREVER raced keenly in the early and middle stages and lost its right front plate passing the 1000 Metres. He was advised that had SPEED FORCE finished behind GOLDEN FOUR, the 6th placegetter, rather than beating that horse by a. Jockey. com. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Horse. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork Barrier Trial Results Veterinary Records Latest on Horses Health Record Horse Former Name. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. YEABOI raced wide and without cover for the majority of the event and subsequently finished tailed out. Bet on horse racing, AFL, rugby and other events with Sportsbet. Horses. Horse Wt. Horses. Racing Incident Report. ]hkjjc [. From wide barriers, RAGING BLAZE and DASHING GENIUS were shifted across. au ACN 664754554 ABN 62664754554 18+ Don’t let the game play you. 40For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. 90. Due to the frequent usage of mobile phones at the racecourses, the signals receiving by 3rd parties system may be affected and thus the accuracy of Aerial Virtual Replay cannot be guaranteed. Eagle Farm 25 Oct 2023. If two or more jockeys finish the meeting on the same number of points, the dead. ALLEN Anthony. Chili Flag surges to victory in $135K Forever Together. The son of Churchill, trained by Mick Kent, backed up from a solid second on debut to be too good for his rivals in the fourth heat of the series. Due to the frequent usage of mobile phones at the racecourses, the signals receiving by 3rd parties system may be affected and thus the accuracy of Aerial Virtual Replay cannot be guaranteed. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. 2:31. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. Email: info@jockeyhub. 3. Flat Jockeys Jump Jockeys. Close to the finishing line,. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides. As C L Chau was unable to fulfil the engagement on ENCORE due to being overweight, K Teetan was substituted as the rider of that horse. 21½. JOCK MstPts WARWICK 1 Market. m. Jockeys Trainers. 8. FLYING DRAGON then continued to shift out, resulting in GOLDEN WARSTEED also being severely checked. Statistics Results. Racing Incident Report Comments on Running. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Email: info@jockeyhub. Horse Wt. Verify Your Identity 1 Pending Action. MASTER EIGHT was withdrawn on raceday morning by order of the Stewards acting on veterinary advice (elevated temperature). Results. He earned 37 points in. The 2022 Caulfield Cup winner was the Chris Waller-trained Durston at $18 odds who made history as the first Caulfield Cup emergency to win the mile and a half classic. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork Barrier Trial Results Veterinary Records Latest on Horses Health Record Horse Former Name & Pedigree. Jockeys & Trainers. Results. Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. Renowned jockey James Hugh Bowman, who had previously faced suspensions for careless riding in both Hong Kong and Australia, marked. 00. Group 1-winning jockey Ethan Brown has shot to the top of the Future Stars Series jockey's challenge leaderboard after Northern Barrage's eye-catching win on. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. James McDonald. ROMANTIC WARRIOR stumbled at the start. Horses. ERNEST FEELING (E209) Sent for sampling post-race. Notes. Passing the 600 Metres, EIGHTEEN PALMS was awkwardly placed. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. 00. Every effort is made to ensure the information is up to. Get the latest odds on all horse racing, AFL, NRL, EPL, NBA & more here! We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. According to TAB Australia, Jockey Challenge allows you to bet on which Jockey will score the most points at a nominated Meeting. Australian Horse Racing results, Horse Racing Materials. Jockeys Trainers. GALAXY WITNESS and BEAUTY FIT bumped on jumping. Near the 200 Metres, THE FINAL WORD, which was inclined to race greenly when placed under pressure in the Straight, was shifted to the outside of SPARKLING DOLPHIN to continue into clear running. Absolute. Approaching the 100 Metres, FLYING SWORD, which was commencing to make ground, was shifted to the inside of ACE TALENT to continue into clear running. 289. VIEW RESTAURANT AT DUNDALK HANDICAP (47-65) 1005. Jockeys & Trainers. Get the latest Jockey Challenge betting and odds here at tab. Racing Incident Report. Report. Of Purton’s 18 Jockey Challenge victories. Racing Incident Report. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. GOAL ORIENTED jumped only fairly and shortly after the start was brushed by CLASSIC MOON which shifted in. From a wide barrier, OWNERS’ PRAISE was shifted across behind runners in the early stages. Jockey Challenge is a betting option in horse racing in Hong Kong. JOCKEY CHALLENGE 1: 2 [Z Purton] Details: Dividend Note: For Winning Combination, "F" denotes "Any Combination" while. Summary. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. Help is close at hand. 0 TopSport. Remark: Aerial Virtual Replay is provided by 3rd parties, for personal infotainment only. Results. Jockeys Trainers. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers'. Gamble responsibly. Williams to the fore yet again for Mick Kent in the next ,when Behave, finally broke her maiden status in the class1 over 1500m. Jockey Challenge is a betting option in horse racing that was started in Hong Kong. 07:20. News. Currently standing at the top of the Nagoya Racecourse jockey leaderboard with 176 wins, the legendary jockey secured his ticket as the NAR representative in the coming World All-Star Jockeys by winning the NAR Jockeys’ Championship with two wins, a seventh and an 11th in the four-race series held in May. Passing the 250 Metres, GO BALLISTIC was shifted out across the heels of MOONLUCK to obtain clear running. Verify Your Identity 1 Pending Action. SHINING GEM, which was leaning on the outside of its gate as the start was effected, began awkwardly. Top 16 horses listed below. Finger Lakes Gaming & Racetrack 5857 NY 96 Farmington, NY 14425 (585) 924-3232. Thursdays (for Saturday or Sunday meetings except special race meetings). We are licensed by Racing NSW and OLGR and financially guaranteed by the NSW Bookmakers Co-operative. Discuss Jockey Challenge, the Horse Racing forum and discussion. Tue, 30th, Jul 2024, 5:30pm: First Season Sires 2023/24 (Most Individual Winners) - Australia. 1 point for a third placed ride. SPICY SO SMART (G203) When questioned regarding the apparent improved performance, Trainer P C Ng stated that at its last start the instructions were to lead, however, SPICY SO SMART was caught racing wide and without cover from the outside barrier and as a result gave ground in the Home Straight. 22. In the case of a deadheat, the points are. Exacta. 00. JOCKEY CHALLENGE 1: 1 [Z Purton] Details: TRAINER CHALLENGE 1: 2 [C S Shum] Details: Overseas Races(S2) - Race 1. 200m out and they switch to jockey cam! FFS. Gamble responsibly. Sign up in 2 minutes. Australian horse racing premiership categories are broad, but winning one at any level is an important indicator of ability for a jockey or a trainer. Palmerbet is 100% Australian owned and operated. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. For each race at the meeting, 6 points are allocated: 3 points for the winning jockey; 2 points for second and 1 point for third. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides. Racing. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork. Fixtures. 2. Report. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Thursdays (for Saturday or Sunday meetings except special race meetings). Racing News & Resources Racing News News. JOCKEY CHALLENGE 1: 1 [Z Purton] Details: TRAINER CHALLENGE 1: 2 [C S Shum] Details:. Report. 2. Near the 250 Metres, REACH GOAL was shifted to the inside of GO GO SIXTEEN to obtain clear. Stay in control. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. 80%. 1. Happy Valley: Race 8 - HIGH ISLAND HANDICAP Wednesday, November 22,. In assessing penalty, the Stewards took into account Jockey Ferraris’ good race riding record. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Thursdays (for Saturday or Sunday meetings except special race meetings). CHALLENGE SERIES. Learn the terms and techniques to place your first bet. Race 3 No betting race !Contact Us; 4201 Versailles Road Lexington, Kentucky 40510; Phone: 859-254-3412; Toll Free: 800-456-3412; Fax: 859-255-2484The official 2023 Melbourne Cup results will be available below once the race takes place on Tuesday November 7, 2023 at 3:00pm (local Melbourne time). Check odds & bet with your True Blue Aussie bookmaker. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers'. Before being allowed to race again, HK DRAGON will be subjected to an official veterinary examination. Every effort is made to ensure the. Email: info@jockeyhub. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers' Favourite. Updating all the latest news about the Jockey Challenges for Australian Racing including Prices, PoiSee all Australian jockeys, with career highlights, statistics and how they are going in the Victorian Jockey Premiership. Some may even consider it along the lines of winning a Melbourne Cup, a Caulfield Cup, or a Cox Plate. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers. Durston beat home that year’s subsequent Melbourne Cup winner Gold Trip who finished runner-up in the 2022 Caulfield Cup results. We would appreciate if you could also update your feedback accordingly. ), golf news, men's golf rankings and women's golf rankings. Racing News & Resources Racing News News Archives. JOCKEY CHALLENGE 1: 9 [M Chadwick] Details: Dividend Note: For Winning Combination, "F" denotes "Any Combination" while. The jockey challenge is a fairly recent innovation originating in Hong Kong circa 2008, allowing betting on which jockey will be most successful at a given meeting or over a series of races. Draw Statistics Trainer Challenge Odds Chart Trainer Challenge Statistics Jockey Challenge Odds Chart Jockey Challenge Statistics Jockeys' Favourite Trainers'. Think! About your choices. This change reflects how dead heats are recognised in horse form,. Be sure to check out our Beginner’s Guide to horse racing, which explains betting procedure, horse racing results, and horse racing terminology. After being placed 10th with 83 wins that year, he notched 86 in 2015 and 84 in 2016, concluding both seasons in fifth in the jockey rankings, his personal best so far. Jockey Challenge. Before being allowed to race again, MASTER. Trainers' Entries. Race Replay. After the 600 Metres, DUKE WAI shifted out away from the heels of KEEP YOU WARM and brushed LUCKY PATCH which in turn shifted out and inconvenienced SKY FIELD. Jockey Badel was fined the sum of $7,500. KUNG FU TEA was also steadied in the early stages to obtain cover. The winner then gets the total number of points from all the cards in the hands of the losing players. Making the first turn approaching the 1000 Metres, RED. au. All bets accepted on behalf of Merlehan Bookmaking Pty Ltd (A. BlueBet is available online & through our iPhone & Android apps. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Racing News & Resources. Special. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Due to the frequent usage of mobile phones at the racecourses, the signals receiving by 3rd parties system may be affected and thus the accuracy of Aerial Virtual Replay cannot be guaranteed. A veterinary inspection of SWAN BAY immediately following the race did not show any significant findings. Sports Results. Report. 00. More info Close. Race Results. Eg. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides. 18+ Don’t let the game play you. 18+ Don’t let the game play you. JOCKEY CHALLENGE 1: 4 [B Shinn] Details: Dividend Note: For Winning Combination, "F" denotes "Any Combination" while "M" denotes "Any Order". Jockey Badel was told should he offend again in the. As the race was a leg of the International Jockeys Challenge, overall Jockey Challenge results are now as follows: Results of Appeals – Jockeys Irad Ortiz and Mike Smith, Friday February 28, 2020 and Saturday February 29, 2020. Horse Racing Statistics. It was C. 22 Nov - Happy Valley. After being steadied and shifted across behind runners from the outside barrier in the early stages, BEAUTY LIVE was ridden along passing the 1300 Metres to improve its position inside runners. Dec. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. Act. (click on + to right of race to expand) BCC. From wide barriers, RED DESERT and RED LEADER were shifted across behind runners in the early stages. MASTER OF LUCK raced keenly near the 900 Metres and soon after making the turn passing the 900 Meters was hampered when carried out slightly by SMART LEADER which also when racing keenly shifted out. To view the current Jockey. Horses Rating List PP/PPG and ISG Bonuses Trackwork Barrier Trial Results Veterinary RecordsV Borges, the rider of the 5th placegetter, SPEED FORCE, was told that whilst his mount achieved its best placing in the race, he was severely reprimanded for failing to ride his mount out over the concluding stages. Bet live and online with TAB, Australia’s number 1 racing and sports betting website. 35 million G2 BOCHK Private Banking Jockey Club Sprint (1200m)and the HK$5. Report. Major Wager and Exceed and Excel -- The three year old filly by Exceed and Excel, Major Wager was first up when scoring in the BM66 over the 1100m at Canterbury. Passing the 400 Metres, JOLLY HONOUR was held up behind. Racing Australia is the national industry body representing Thoroughbred racing in Australia. Official Result: 4-7-1-6. Verify Your Identity 1 Pending Action. Approaching the 1000 Metres, AURORA HERO was left racing wide and without cover. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides. Racing Results. It was this partnership with Maingard that saw Jeff win South Africa Jockey premiership 6 times and in the 1991/92 season rode a record 313 winners. Report. For the actual race results, the customers should refer to Real Replay videos. After being removed from the barriers, QUORUM was examined by the Veterinary Officer who said the horse had sustained wounds to the right front and right hind legs and accordingly was not suitable to race. Racing Information Entries Race Card (Local) Current Odds Results Jockeys' Rides Trainers' Entries. Plus, you can see all of today's horse racing results and historic results going back several decades. Sha Tin Barrier Trial Batch 1 - SHA TIN ALL WEATHER TRACK -. JOCKEY CHALLENGE 1: 9 [M Chadwick] Details:. Report. HYERONIMUS Adam. Get expert racing tips, form and analysis. Thursdays (for Saturday or Sunday meetings except special race meetings).